ASTM A210/A210M Boiler and Superheater Tubes
ASTM A210/A210M
Standard Specification for Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
Standard Specification for Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
1.ASTM A210 Scope
1.1This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel, boiler tubes and boiler boiler, "covers", "1".
1.2Note 1 - This type is not suitable for safe ending by forge welding.
1.3The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1/2 in. to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.035 to in. 0.500 [0.9 to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.
1.4Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in.
1.5The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents therefore, each system must; be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation of specified this specification is in the order.
2.Referenced Documents
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
ASTM A210 / A210M Chemical Composition(%)
a(For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35 %.)
NOTE 3—For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term “lot” applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed.
Mechanical Properties
A( Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (seamless tubes),
3.1.3 Grade,
3.1.4 Manufacture (hot-finished or cold-finished),
3.1.5 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
3.1.6 Length (specific or random),
3.1.7 Optional requirements (Sections 7 and 10),
3.1.8 Test report required, (see Certification Section of Specification A 450/A 450M),
3.1.9 Specification designation,
3.1.10 Special requirements.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Manufacture
The tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hot-finished or cold-finished, as specified.
6. Heat Treatment
Hot-finished tubes need not be heat treated. Cold- finished tubes shall be given a subcritical anneal, a full anneal, or a normalizing heat treatment after the final cold finishing process.
7. Surface Condition
If pickling or shot blasting or both are required, this shall be specifically stated in the order.
8. Chemical Composition
8.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.
ASTM A210 / A210M Chemical Composition(%)
Table 1
| Standard | Grade | chemical composition: | ||||
| C（a） | Si | Mn | P | S | ||
| ASTM A210 | A-1 | ≤0.27 | ≥0.10 | ≤0.93 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| C | ≤0.35 | ≥0.10 | 0.29-1.06 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | |
a(For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35 %.)
8.2 When a grade is ordered under this specification, sup- plying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition of any element other than those listed for the ordered grade in Table 1 is not permitted.
9. Product Analysis
9.1 When requested on the purchase order, a product analy-sis shall be made by the supplier from one tube or billet per heat. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified.
9.2 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of two additional billets or tubes shall be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet the requirements of the specification; otherwise, all remaining material in the heat or lot (see Note 2) shall be rejected or, at the option of the producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for acceptance. Billets or tubes which do not meet the require- ments of the specification shall be rejected.
NOTE 2—For flattening and flaring requirements, the term “lot” applies to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and from the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the Continuous Process
| Size of Tube | Size of Lot |
|
2 in. (50.8 mm) and over in outside diameter and
0.200 in. (5.1 mm) and over in wall thickness
|
not more than 50 tubes |
|
2 in. (50.8 mm) and over in outside diameter and
under 0.200 in. (5.1 mm) in wall thickness
|
not more than 75 tubes |
|
Less than 2 in. (50.8 mm) but over 1 in. (25.4
mm)in outside diameter
|
not more than 75 tubes |
| 1 in. (25.4 mm) or less in outside diameter | not more than 125 tubes |
NOTE 3—For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term “lot” applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall thickness which are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed.
Mechanical Properties
10. Tensile Requirements
10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.
a (See Table 4 for the computed minimum values.)
10.2 Table 4 gives the computed minimum elongation values for each 1⁄32-in. [0.8-mm] decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined by the following equation:
TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements
| Mechanical Properties | Grade A-1 | Grade C |
| Tensile strength, min, ksi [MPa] | 60 [415] | 70 [485] |
| Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa] | 37 [255] | 40 [275] |
| Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % | 30 | 30 |
|
For longitudinal strip tests, a deduction shall be made for each 1 ⁄ 32 -in. [0.8-mm] decrease in wall thickness under 5 ⁄ 16 in. [8 mm] from the basic minimum elongation of the following percentage points |
1.50(a) | 1.50(a) |
|
When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm gage length or smaller proportionally sized specimen with the gage length equal to 4 D (four timesthe diameter) is used |
22 | 20 |
a (See Table 4 for the computed minimum values.)
10.2 Table 4 gives the computed minimum elongation values for each 1⁄32-in. [0.8-mm] decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined by the following equation:
TABLE 4 Computed Minimum Elongation Values
| Wall Thickness, in. [mm] | Elongation in 2 in. or50 mm, min, %(A) |
| 5 ⁄ 16 (0.312) [8] | 30 |
| 9 ⁄ 32 (0.281) [7.2] | 28 |
| 1 ⁄ 4 (0.250) [6.4] | 27 |
| 7 ⁄ 32 (0.219) [5.6] | 26 |
| 3 ⁄ 16 (0.188) [4.8] | 24 |
| 5 ⁄ 32 (0.156) [4] | 22 |
| 1 ⁄ 8 (0.125) [3.2] | 21 |
| 3 ⁄ 32 (0.094) [2.4] | 20 |
| 1 ⁄ 16 (0.062) [1.6] | 18 |
| 0.062 to 0.035 [1.6 to 0.9], excl | 17 |
| 0.035 to 0.022 [0.9 to 0.6], excl | 16 |
| 0.022 to 0.015 [0.6 to 0.4], incl | 16 |
A( Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.)
E=48t +15.00【E=1.87+15.00 】
where:
E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, %, and
t = actual thickness of specimen, in. [mm].
11. Hardness Requirements
11.1 The tubes shall have a hardness not exceeding the following: 79 HRB or 143 HB for Grade A-1, 89 HRB or 179 HB for Grade C.
12. Mechanical Tests Required
12.1 Tension Test—One tension test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50 tubes (see Note 3).
12.2 Flattening Test—One flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube from each lot (see Note 2), but not the one used for the flaring test. Tears or breaks occurring at the 12 or 6 o’clock positions on Grade C tubing with sizes of 2.375 in. [60.3 mm] in outside diameter and smaller shall not be considered a basis for rejection.
12.3 Flaring Test—One flaring test shall be made on speci- mens from each end of the one finished tube from each lot (see Note 2), but not the one used for the flattening
12.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot (see Note 3).
12.5 Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test—Each tube shall be subjected to the hydrostatic, or, instead of this test, a nondestructive electric test may be used when specified by the purchaser.
13. Forming Operations
When inserted in the boiler, tubes shall stand ex- panding and beading without showing cracks or flaws. When properly manipulated, superheater tubes shall stand all forging, welding, and bending operations necessary for application without developing defects.
14. Product Marking
In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification A 450/A 450M, the marking shall indicate whether the tube is hot-finished or cold-finished.
Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 14.1 bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identification method. The purchaser may specify in the order a specific bar coding system to be used.
15. Keywords
boiler tubes; carbon; seamless steel tube; steel tube; superheater tubes