ASTM A671 Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe
ASTM A671/A671M − 16a
Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers electric-fusion-welded steel pipe with filler metal added, fabricated from pressure vessel quality plate of several analyses and strength levels and suitable for high-pressure service at atmospheric and lower temperatures. Heat treatment may or may not be required to attain the desired properties or to comply with applicable code requirements. Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or examination is desired.
1.2 The specification nominally covers pipe 16 in. [400mm] in outside diameter or larger and of 1 ⁄ 4 in. [6 mm] wall thickness or greater. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided it complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.3 Several grades and classes of pipe are provided.
1.3.1 Grade designates the type of plate used as listed in 5.1.
1.3.2 Class designates the type of heat treatment performed during manufacture of the pipe, whether the weld is radio-graphically examined, and whether the pipe has been pressure tested as listed in 1.3.3.
1.3.3 Class designations are as follows (Note 1):
NOTE 1—Selection of materials should be made with attention to temperature of service. For such guidance, Specification A20/A20M may be consulted.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this specification is specified in the order.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A20/A20M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A435/A435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
A577/A577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plates
A578/A578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications
E110 Test Method for Rockwell and Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
2.2 Plate Steels:
A203/A203M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, Nickel
A285/A285M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile Strength
A299/A299M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Silicon
A353/A353M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and Tempered 9 % Nickel
A515/A515M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Temperature Service
A516/A516M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service
A517/A517M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered
A537/A537M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, HeatTreated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel
A553/A553M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered 7, 8, and 9 % Nickel
A736/A736M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Low-Carbon Age-Hardening Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy Steel
2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section II
Section III
Section VIII
Section IX
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 lot—a lot shall consist of 200 ft [60 m] or fraction thereof of pipe from the same heat of steel.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 The inquiry and order for material under this specification should include the following information:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (steel pipe, electric-fusionwelded),
4.1.3 Specification number,
4.1.4 Grade and class designations (see 1.3),
4.1.5 Size (inside or outside diameter, nominal or minimum wall thickness),
4.1.6 Length (specific or random),
4.1.7 End finish (11.4),
4.1.8 Purchase options, if any (see 5.2.3 and 11.3 of this specification. See also Specification A530/A530M),
4.1.9 Supplementary requirements, if any.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Materials—The steel plate material shall conform to the requirement of the applicable plate specification for the pipe grade ordered as listed in Table 1.
5.2 Welding:
5.2.1 The joints shall be double-welded, full-penetration welds made in accordance with procedures and by welders or welding operators qualified in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
5.2.2 The welds shall be made either manually or automatically by an electric process involving the deposition of filler metal.
5.2.3 As welded, the welded joint shall have positive reinforcement at the center of each side of the weld, but no more than 1 ⁄ 8 in. [3 mm]. This reinforcement may be removed at the manufacturer’s option or by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. The contour of the reinforcement shall be smooth and the deposited metal shall be fused smoothly and uniformly into the plate surface.
5.3 Heat Treatment—All classes other than 10, 11, 12, and 13 shall be heat treated in furnace controlled to 6 25 °F [6 15°C] and equipped with a recording pyrometer so that heating records are available. Heat treating after forming and welding shall be to one of the following:
5.3.1 Classes 20, 21, 22, and 23 pipe shall be uniformly heated within the post-weld heat-treatment temperature range indicated in Table 2 for a minimum of 1 h/in. [0.4 h/cm] of thickness or for 1 h, whichever is greater.
A Where ellipses ({) appear in this table, there is no requirement.
B Numbers indicate minimum tensile strength in ksi.
C In no case shall the post-weld heat-treatment temperature exceed the mill tempering temperature.
D Tempering range 1100 to 1300 [590 to 705], if accelerated cooling utilized per Specification A516/A516M.
E If hot forming is performed after heating to a temperature in the range from 1650 to 1750°F [900 to 955°C], the first normalize may be omitted.
F Prior to the tempering treatment, the plates may be subjected to an intermediate heat treatment consisting of heating to a temperature in the range from 1165 to 1290°F [630 to 700°C] and either air-cooled or water quenched. See Specification A553/A553M for hold times and cooling instructions.
5.3.2 Classes 30, 31, 32, and 33, pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range and not exceeding the maximum normalizing temperature indicated in Table 2 and subsequently cooled in air at room temperature.
5.3.3 Classes 40, 41, 42, and 43 pipe shall be normalized in accordance with 5.3.2. After normalizing, the pipe shall be reheated to the tempering temperature indicated in Table 2 as a minimum and held at temperature for a minimum of 1 ⁄ 2 h/in.[0.2 h/cm] of thickness or for 1 ⁄ 2 h, whichever is greater, and air cooled.
5.3.4 Classes 50, 51, 52, and 53 pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range, and not exceeding the maximum quenching temperature indicated in Table 2 and subsequently quenched in water or oil. After quenching, the pipe shall be reheated to the tempering temperature indicated in Table 2 as a minimum and held at that temperature for a minimum of 1 ⁄ 2 h/in. [0.2 h/cm] of thickness or for 1 ⁄ 2 h, whichever is greater, and air cooled.
5.3.5 Classes 70, 71, 72, and 73 pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range, not exceeding the maximum quenching temperature indicated in Table 2,and subsequently quenched in water or oil.After quenching the pipe shall be reheated into the precipitation heat treating range indicated in Table 2 for a time to be determined by the manufacturer.
6. General Requirements for Delivery
6.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A530/A530M unless otherwise provided herein.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Product Analysis of Plate—The pipe manufacturer shall make an analysis of each mill heat of plate material. The product analysis so determined shall meet the requirements of the plate specification to which the material was ordered.
7.2 Product Analyses of Weld—The pipe manufacturer shall make an analysis of finished deposited weld material from each 200 ft [60 m] or fraction thereof.Analyses shall conform to the welding procedure for deposited weld metal.
7.3 Analysis may be taken from the mechanical test specimens. The results of the analyses shall be reported to the purchaser.
8. Mechanical Requirements
8.1 Tension Test:
8.1.1 Requirements—Transverse tensile properties of the welded joint shall meet the minimum requirements for ultimate tensile strength of the specified plate material. In addition for Grades CD and CJ, when these are of Class 3x, 4x, or 5x, and Grade CP of 7x, the transverse tensile properties of the base plate shall be determined on specimens cut from the heattreated pipe. These properties shall meet the mechanical test requirements of the plate specification.
8.1.2 Number of Tests—One test specimen of weld metal and one specimen of base metal, if required by 8.1.1, shall be made and tested to represent each lot of finished pipe.
8.1.3 Test Specimen Location and Orientation—The test specimens shall be taken transverse to the weld at the end of the finished pipe and may be flattened cold before final machining to size.
8.1.4 Test Method—The test specimen shall be made in accordance with QW-150 in Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The test specimen shall be tested at room temperature in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
8.2 Transverse Guided Weld Bend Test:
8.2.1 Requirements—The bend test shall be acceptable if no cracks or other defects exceeding 1 ⁄ 8 in. [3 mm] in any direction are present in the weld metal or between the weld and the base metal after bending. Cracks that originate along the edges of the specimen during testing, and that are less than 1 ⁄ 4 in. [6 mm] measured in any direction shall not be considered.
8.2.2 Number of Tests—One test (two specimens) shall be made to represent each lot of finished pipe.
8.2.3 Test Specimen Location and Orientation—Two bend test specimens shall be taken transverse to the weld at the end of the finished pipe. As an alternative, by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the test specimens may be taken from a test plate of the same material as the pipe, the test plate being attached to the end of the cylinder and welded as a prolongation of the pipe longitudinal seam.
8.2.4 Test Method—The test requirements of A370,A2.5.1.7 shall be met. For wall thicknesses over 3 ⁄ 8 in. [10 mm] but less
than 3 ⁄ 4 in. [19 mm] side-bend tests may be made instead of the face and root-bend tests. For wall thicknesses 3 ⁄ 4 in. [19 mm]
and over both specimens shall be subjected to the side-bend test.
8.3 Pressure Test—Classes X2 and X3 pipe shall be tested in accordance with Specification A530/A530M, Hydrostatic Test Requirements.
9. Radiographic Examination
9.1 The full length of each weld of Classes X1 and X2 shall be radiographically examined in accordance with and meet the requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,Section VIII, Paragraph UW–51.
9.2 Radiographic examination may be performed prior to heat treatment.
10. Rework
10.1 Elimination of Surface Imperfections—Unacceptable surface imperfections shall be removed by grinding or machining. The remaining thickness of the section shall be no less than the minimum specified in Section 11. The depression after grinding or machining shall be blended uniformly into the surrounding surface.
10.2 Repair of Base Metal Defects by Welding:
10.2.1 The manufacturer may repair, by welding, base metal where defects have been removed, provided the depth of the repair cavity as prepared for welding does not exceed 1 ⁄ 3 of the nominal thickness and the requirements of 10.2.2, 10.2.3,10.2.4, 10.2.5 and 10.2.6 are met. Base metal defects in excess of these may be repaired with prior approval of the customer.
10.2.2 The defect shall be removed by suitable mechanical or thermal cutting or gouging methods and the cavity prepared for repair welding.
10.2.3 The welding procedure and welders or welding operators are to be qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
10.2.4 The full length of the repaired pipe shall be heat treated after repair in accordance with the requirements of the pipe class specified.
10.2.5 Each repair weld of a defect where the cavity,prepared for welding, has a depth exceeding the lesser of 3 ⁄ 8 in.[10 mm] or 10 % of the nominal thickness shall be examined by radiography in accordance with the methods and the acceptance standards of Section 9.
10.2.6 The repair surface shall be blended uniformly into the surrounding base metal surface and examined and accepted in accordance with Supplementary Requirements S6 or S8.
10.3 Repair of Weld Metal Defects by Welding:
10.3.1 The manufacturer may repair weld metal defects if he meets the requirements of 10.2.3, 10.2.4, 10.3.2, 10.3.3 and 10.4.
10.3.2 The defect shall be removed by suitable mechanical or thermal cutting or gouging methods and the repair cavity examined and accepted in accordance with Supplementary Requirements S7 or S9.
10.3.3 The weld repair shall be blended uniformly into the surrounding metal surfaces and examined and accepted in accordance with 9.1 and with Supplementary Requirements S7 or S9.
10.4 Retest—Each length of repaired pipe of a class requiring a pressure test shall be hydrostatically tested following repair.
11. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations
11.1 The wall thickness and weight for welded pipe furnished to this specification shall be governed by the requirements of the specification to which the manufacturer ordered the plate.
11.2 Permissible variations in dimensions at any point in a length of pipe shall not exceed the following:
11.2.1 Outside Diameter—Based on circumferential measurement 6 0.5 % of the specified outside diameter.
11.2.2 Out-of-Roundness—Difference between major and minor outside diameters, 1 %.
11.2.3 Alignment—Using a 10-ft [3-m] straight edge placed so that both ends are in contact with the pipe,1 ⁄ 8 in. [3 mm].
11.2.4 Thickness—The minimum wall thickness at any point in the pipe shall not be more than 0.01 in. [0.3 mm] under the specified nominal thickness.
11.3 Circumferential welded joints of the same quality as the longitudinal joints shall be permitted by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
11.4 Lengths with unmachined ends shall be within −0, + 1 ⁄ 2 in. [−0, +13 mm] of that specified. Lengths with machined ends shall be as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
12.1 The finished pipe shall be free of injurious defects and shall have a workmanlike finish. This requirement is to mean the same as the identical requirement that appears in Specification A20/A20M with respect to steel plate surface finish.
13. Product Marking
13.1 In addition to the marking provision of Specification A530/A530M, class marking in accordance with 1.3.3 shall follow the grade marking, for example, CC 70–10.
13.2 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 13.1,bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identification method. The purchaser may specify in the order a specific bar coding system to be used.
Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers electric-fusion-welded steel pipe with filler metal added, fabricated from pressure vessel quality plate of several analyses and strength levels and suitable for high-pressure service at atmospheric and lower temperatures. Heat treatment may or may not be required to attain the desired properties or to comply with applicable code requirements. Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or examination is desired.
1.2 The specification nominally covers pipe 16 in. [400mm] in outside diameter or larger and of 1 ⁄ 4 in. [6 mm] wall thickness or greater. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided it complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.3 Several grades and classes of pipe are provided.
1.3.1 Grade designates the type of plate used as listed in 5.1.
1.3.2 Class designates the type of heat treatment performed during manufacture of the pipe, whether the weld is radio-graphically examined, and whether the pipe has been pressure tested as listed in 1.3.3.
1.3.3 Class designations are as follows (Note 1):
| Class | Heat Treatment on Pipe |
Radiography, see Section |
Pressure Test, see: |
| 10 | none | none | none |
| 11 | none | 9 | none |
| 12 | none | 9 | 8.3 |
| 13 | none | none | 8.3 |
| 20 | stress relieved, see 5.3.1 | none | none |
| 21 | stress relieved, see 5.3.1 | 9 | none |
| 22 | stress relieved, see 5.3.1 | 9 | 8.3 |
| 23 | stress relieved, see 5.3.1 | none | 8.3 |
| 30 | normalized, see 5.3.2 | none | none |
| 31 | normalized, see 5.3.2 | 9 | none |
| 32 | normalized, see 5.3.2 | 9 | 8.3 |
| 33 | normalized, see 5.3.2 | none | 8.3 |
| 40 | normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 | none | none |
| 41 | normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 | 9 | none |
| 42 | normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 | 9 | 8.3 |
| 43 | normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 | none | 8.3 |
| 50 | quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 | none | none |
| 51 | quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 | 9 | none |
| 52 | quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 | 9 | 8.3 |
| 53 | quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 | none | 8.3 |
| 70 | quenched and precipitation heat treated | none | none |
| 71 | quenched and precipitation heat treated | 9 | none |
| 72 | quenched and precipitation heat treated | 9 | 8.3 |
| 73 | quenched and precipitation heat treated | none | 8.3 |
NOTE 1—Selection of materials should be made with attention to temperature of service. For such guidance, Specification A20/A20M may be consulted.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”designation of this specification is specified in the order.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A20/A20M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A435/A435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
A577/A577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plates
A578/A578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications
E110 Test Method for Rockwell and Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
2.2 Plate Steels:
A203/A203M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, Nickel
A285/A285M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile Strength
A299/A299M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Silicon
A353/A353M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, Double-Normalized and Tempered 9 % Nickel
A515/A515M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Temperature Service
A516/A516M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service
A517/A517M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered
A537/A537M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, HeatTreated, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon Steel
A553/A553M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates,Alloy Steel, Quenched and Tempered 7, 8, and 9 % Nickel
A736/A736M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Low-Carbon Age-Hardening Nickel-Copper-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloy Steel
2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section II
Section III
Section VIII
Section IX
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 lot—a lot shall consist of 200 ft [60 m] or fraction thereof of pipe from the same heat of steel.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 The inquiry and order for material under this specification should include the following information:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (steel pipe, electric-fusionwelded),
4.1.3 Specification number,
4.1.4 Grade and class designations (see 1.3),
4.1.5 Size (inside or outside diameter, nominal or minimum wall thickness),
4.1.6 Length (specific or random),
4.1.7 End finish (11.4),
4.1.8 Purchase options, if any (see 5.2.3 and 11.3 of this specification. See also Specification A530/A530M),
4.1.9 Supplementary requirements, if any.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Materials—The steel plate material shall conform to the requirement of the applicable plate specification for the pipe grade ordered as listed in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Plate Specifications
| Pipe Grade | Type of Steel | ASTM Specification | |
| No. | Grade /Class /Type | ||
| CA 55 | plain carbon | A285/A285M | Gr C |
| CB 60 | plain carbon, killed | A515/A515M | Gr 60 |
| CB 65 | plain carbon, killed | A515/A515M | Gr 65 |
| CB 70 | plain carbon, killed | A515/A515M | Gr 70 |
| CC 60 | plain carbon, killed, fine grain | A516/A516M | Gr 60 |
| CC 65 | plain carbon, killed, fine grain | A516/A516M | Gr 65 |
| CC 70 | plain carbon, killed, fine grain | A516/A516M | Gr 70 |
| CD 70 | manganese-silicon, normalized | A537/A537M | Cl 1 |
| CD 80 | manganese-silicon, quenched and tempered | A537/A537M | Cl 2 |
| CFA 65 | nickel steel | A203/A203M | Gr A |
| CFB 70 | nickel steel | A203/A203M | Gr B |
| CFD 65 | nickel steel | A203/A203M | Gr D |
| CFE 70 | nickel steel | A203/A203M | Gr E |
| CG 100 | 9 % nickel | A353/A353M | |
| CH 115 | 9 % nickel | A553/A553M | Type 1 |
| CJA 115 | alloy steel, quenched and tempered | A517/A517M | Gr A |
| CJB 115 | alloy steel, quenched and tempered | A517/A517M | Gr B |
| CJE 115 | alloy steel, quenched and tempered | A517/A517M | Gr E |
| CJF 115 | alloy steel, quenched and tempered | A517/A517M | Gr F |
| CJH 115 | alloy steel, quenched and tempered | A517/A517M | Gr H |
| CJP 115 | alloy steel, quenched and tempered | A517/A517M | Gr P |
| CK 75 | carbon-manganese-silicon | A299/A299M | Gr A |
| CP85 | alloy steel, age hardening, quenched and precipitation heat treated | A736/A736M |
Gr A, Class 3 |
5.2 Welding:
5.2.1 The joints shall be double-welded, full-penetration welds made in accordance with procedures and by welders or welding operators qualified in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
5.2.2 The welds shall be made either manually or automatically by an electric process involving the deposition of filler metal.
5.2.3 As welded, the welded joint shall have positive reinforcement at the center of each side of the weld, but no more than 1 ⁄ 8 in. [3 mm]. This reinforcement may be removed at the manufacturer’s option or by agreement between the manufacturer and purchaser. The contour of the reinforcement shall be smooth and the deposited metal shall be fused smoothly and uniformly into the plate surface.
5.3 Heat Treatment—All classes other than 10, 11, 12, and 13 shall be heat treated in furnace controlled to 6 25 °F [6 15°C] and equipped with a recording pyrometer so that heating records are available. Heat treating after forming and welding shall be to one of the following:
5.3.1 Classes 20, 21, 22, and 23 pipe shall be uniformly heated within the post-weld heat-treatment temperature range indicated in Table 2 for a minimum of 1 h/in. [0.4 h/cm] of thickness or for 1 h, whichever is greater.
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment Parameters A
| Pipe Grade B |
ASTM Specification and Grade / Class / Type |
Post-Weld Heat-Treatment Temperature Range °F [°C] |
Normalizing Temperature, max,unless otherwise noted °F [°C] |
Quenching Temperature, max, unless otherwise noted °F [°C] |
Tempering Temperature, min,°F [°C] |
Precipitation Heat Treatment Temperature Range °F [°C] |
| CA 55 | A285/A285M (C | 1100–1250 [590–680] | 1700 [925] | ... | ... | ... |
| CB 60 | A515/A515M (60) | 1100–1250 [590–680] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CB 65 | A515/A515M (65) | 1100–1250 [590–680] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CB 70 | A515/A515M (70) | 1100–1250 [590–680] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CC 60 | A516/A516M (60 | 1100–1200 [590–650] C | 1700 [925] | 1700 [925] | 1100 [590] D | ... |
| CC 65 | A516/A516M (65 | 1100–1200 [590–650] C | 1700 [925] | 1700 [920] | 1100 [590] D | ... |
| CC 70 | A516/A516M (70 | 1100–1200 [590–650] C | 1700 [925] | 1700 [925] | 1100 [590] D | ... |
| CD 70 | A537/A537M (Cl 1) | 1100–1250 [590–680] | 1700 [925] | ... | ... | ... |
| CD 80 | A537/A537M (Cl 2) | 1100–1250 [590–680] C | .... | 1650 [900] | 1100 [590] D | ... |
| CFA 65 | A203/A203M (A) | 1100–1175 [590–635] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CFB 70 | A203/A203M (B) | 1100–1175 [590–635] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CFD 65 | A203/A203M (D) | 1100–1175 [590–635] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CFE 70 | A203/A203M (E) | 1100–1175 [590–635] | 1750 [950] | ... | ... | ... |
| CG 100 | A353/A353M () | 1025–1085 [550–580] |
1650 ± 25 [900 ± 15] plus E 1450 ± 25 [790 ± 15] |
... |
1050–1125 [560–605] |
... |
| CH 100 | A553/A553M (Type 1) | 1025–1085 [550–580] | ... |
1475–1700 [800–925] |
1050–1175 [560–635] F |
... |
| CJA 115 | A517/A517M (A) | 1000–1100 [540–590] | ... |
1650–1725 [900–940] |
1150 [620] | ... |
| CJB 115 | A517/A517M (B) | 1000–1100 [540–590] | ... |
1650–1725 [900–940] |
1150 [620] | ... |
| CJE 115 | A517/A517M (E) | 1000–1100 [540–590] | ... |
1650–1725 [900–940] |
1150 [620] | ... |
| CJF 115 | A517/A517M (F) | 1000–1100 [540–590] | ... |
1650–1725 [900–940] |
1150 [620] | ... |
| CJH 115 | A517/A517M (H) | 1000–1100 [540–590] | ... |
1650–1725 [900–940] |
1150 [620] | ... |
| CJP 115 | A517/A517M (P) | 1000–1100 [540–590] | ... |
1650–1725 [900–940] |
1150 [620] | ... |
| CK 75 | A299/A299M (A) | 1100–1250 [590–680] | 1700 [925] | ... | ... | ... |
| CP85 | A736/A736M (A,Class 3) | 1000–1175 [540–635] | ... | 1725 [940] | ... |
1000–1225 [540–665] |
A Where ellipses ({) appear in this table, there is no requirement.
B Numbers indicate minimum tensile strength in ksi.
C In no case shall the post-weld heat-treatment temperature exceed the mill tempering temperature.
D Tempering range 1100 to 1300 [590 to 705], if accelerated cooling utilized per Specification A516/A516M.
E If hot forming is performed after heating to a temperature in the range from 1650 to 1750°F [900 to 955°C], the first normalize may be omitted.
F Prior to the tempering treatment, the plates may be subjected to an intermediate heat treatment consisting of heating to a temperature in the range from 1165 to 1290°F [630 to 700°C] and either air-cooled or water quenched. See Specification A553/A553M for hold times and cooling instructions.
5.3.2 Classes 30, 31, 32, and 33, pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range and not exceeding the maximum normalizing temperature indicated in Table 2 and subsequently cooled in air at room temperature.
5.3.3 Classes 40, 41, 42, and 43 pipe shall be normalized in accordance with 5.3.2. After normalizing, the pipe shall be reheated to the tempering temperature indicated in Table 2 as a minimum and held at temperature for a minimum of 1 ⁄ 2 h/in.[0.2 h/cm] of thickness or for 1 ⁄ 2 h, whichever is greater, and air cooled.
5.3.4 Classes 50, 51, 52, and 53 pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range, and not exceeding the maximum quenching temperature indicated in Table 2 and subsequently quenched in water or oil. After quenching, the pipe shall be reheated to the tempering temperature indicated in Table 2 as a minimum and held at that temperature for a minimum of 1 ⁄ 2 h/in. [0.2 h/cm] of thickness or for 1 ⁄ 2 h, whichever is greater, and air cooled.
5.3.5 Classes 70, 71, 72, and 73 pipe shall be uniformly heated to a temperature in the austenitizing range, not exceeding the maximum quenching temperature indicated in Table 2,and subsequently quenched in water or oil.After quenching the pipe shall be reheated into the precipitation heat treating range indicated in Table 2 for a time to be determined by the manufacturer.
6. General Requirements for Delivery
6.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification A530/A530M unless otherwise provided herein.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Product Analysis of Plate—The pipe manufacturer shall make an analysis of each mill heat of plate material. The product analysis so determined shall meet the requirements of the plate specification to which the material was ordered.
7.2 Product Analyses of Weld—The pipe manufacturer shall make an analysis of finished deposited weld material from each 200 ft [60 m] or fraction thereof.Analyses shall conform to the welding procedure for deposited weld metal.
7.3 Analysis may be taken from the mechanical test specimens. The results of the analyses shall be reported to the purchaser.
8. Mechanical Requirements
8.1 Tension Test:
8.1.1 Requirements—Transverse tensile properties of the welded joint shall meet the minimum requirements for ultimate tensile strength of the specified plate material. In addition for Grades CD and CJ, when these are of Class 3x, 4x, or 5x, and Grade CP of 7x, the transverse tensile properties of the base plate shall be determined on specimens cut from the heattreated pipe. These properties shall meet the mechanical test requirements of the plate specification.
8.1.2 Number of Tests—One test specimen of weld metal and one specimen of base metal, if required by 8.1.1, shall be made and tested to represent each lot of finished pipe.
8.1.3 Test Specimen Location and Orientation—The test specimens shall be taken transverse to the weld at the end of the finished pipe and may be flattened cold before final machining to size.
8.1.4 Test Method—The test specimen shall be made in accordance with QW-150 in Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The test specimen shall be tested at room temperature in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
8.2 Transverse Guided Weld Bend Test:
8.2.1 Requirements—The bend test shall be acceptable if no cracks or other defects exceeding 1 ⁄ 8 in. [3 mm] in any direction are present in the weld metal or between the weld and the base metal after bending. Cracks that originate along the edges of the specimen during testing, and that are less than 1 ⁄ 4 in. [6 mm] measured in any direction shall not be considered.
8.2.2 Number of Tests—One test (two specimens) shall be made to represent each lot of finished pipe.
8.2.3 Test Specimen Location and Orientation—Two bend test specimens shall be taken transverse to the weld at the end of the finished pipe. As an alternative, by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the test specimens may be taken from a test plate of the same material as the pipe, the test plate being attached to the end of the cylinder and welded as a prolongation of the pipe longitudinal seam.
8.2.4 Test Method—The test requirements of A370,A2.5.1.7 shall be met. For wall thicknesses over 3 ⁄ 8 in. [10 mm] but less
than 3 ⁄ 4 in. [19 mm] side-bend tests may be made instead of the face and root-bend tests. For wall thicknesses 3 ⁄ 4 in. [19 mm]
and over both specimens shall be subjected to the side-bend test.
8.3 Pressure Test—Classes X2 and X3 pipe shall be tested in accordance with Specification A530/A530M, Hydrostatic Test Requirements.
9. Radiographic Examination
9.1 The full length of each weld of Classes X1 and X2 shall be radiographically examined in accordance with and meet the requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,Section VIII, Paragraph UW–51.
9.2 Radiographic examination may be performed prior to heat treatment.
10. Rework
10.1 Elimination of Surface Imperfections—Unacceptable surface imperfections shall be removed by grinding or machining. The remaining thickness of the section shall be no less than the minimum specified in Section 11. The depression after grinding or machining shall be blended uniformly into the surrounding surface.
10.2 Repair of Base Metal Defects by Welding:
10.2.1 The manufacturer may repair, by welding, base metal where defects have been removed, provided the depth of the repair cavity as prepared for welding does not exceed 1 ⁄ 3 of the nominal thickness and the requirements of 10.2.2, 10.2.3,10.2.4, 10.2.5 and 10.2.6 are met. Base metal defects in excess of these may be repaired with prior approval of the customer.
10.2.2 The defect shall be removed by suitable mechanical or thermal cutting or gouging methods and the cavity prepared for repair welding.
10.2.3 The welding procedure and welders or welding operators are to be qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
10.2.4 The full length of the repaired pipe shall be heat treated after repair in accordance with the requirements of the pipe class specified.
10.2.5 Each repair weld of a defect where the cavity,prepared for welding, has a depth exceeding the lesser of 3 ⁄ 8 in.[10 mm] or 10 % of the nominal thickness shall be examined by radiography in accordance with the methods and the acceptance standards of Section 9.
10.2.6 The repair surface shall be blended uniformly into the surrounding base metal surface and examined and accepted in accordance with Supplementary Requirements S6 or S8.
10.3 Repair of Weld Metal Defects by Welding:
10.3.1 The manufacturer may repair weld metal defects if he meets the requirements of 10.2.3, 10.2.4, 10.3.2, 10.3.3 and 10.4.
10.3.2 The defect shall be removed by suitable mechanical or thermal cutting or gouging methods and the repair cavity examined and accepted in accordance with Supplementary Requirements S7 or S9.
10.3.3 The weld repair shall be blended uniformly into the surrounding metal surfaces and examined and accepted in accordance with 9.1 and with Supplementary Requirements S7 or S9.
10.4 Retest—Each length of repaired pipe of a class requiring a pressure test shall be hydrostatically tested following repair.
11. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations
11.1 The wall thickness and weight for welded pipe furnished to this specification shall be governed by the requirements of the specification to which the manufacturer ordered the plate.
11.2 Permissible variations in dimensions at any point in a length of pipe shall not exceed the following:
11.2.1 Outside Diameter—Based on circumferential measurement 6 0.5 % of the specified outside diameter.
11.2.2 Out-of-Roundness—Difference between major and minor outside diameters, 1 %.
11.2.3 Alignment—Using a 10-ft [3-m] straight edge placed so that both ends are in contact with the pipe,1 ⁄ 8 in. [3 mm].
11.2.4 Thickness—The minimum wall thickness at any point in the pipe shall not be more than 0.01 in. [0.3 mm] under the specified nominal thickness.
11.3 Circumferential welded joints of the same quality as the longitudinal joints shall be permitted by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
11.4 Lengths with unmachined ends shall be within −0, + 1 ⁄ 2 in. [−0, +13 mm] of that specified. Lengths with machined ends shall be as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
12.1 The finished pipe shall be free of injurious defects and shall have a workmanlike finish. This requirement is to mean the same as the identical requirement that appears in Specification A20/A20M with respect to steel plate surface finish.
13. Product Marking
13.1 In addition to the marking provision of Specification A530/A530M, class marking in accordance with 1.3.3 shall follow the grade marking, for example, CC 70–10.
13.2 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 13.1,bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identification method. The purchaser may specify in the order a specific bar coding system to be used.